Relaxation training for the dog

Relaxation training for dogs comprises various techniques and exercises that teach dogs to calm down in stressful or exciting situations. The training helps the dog cope with stress better, control its impulsiveness, and remain calm in different environments – for example during vet visits, car rides, in noisy environments, or when encountering strangers and other animals.

Why is relaxation training important?

Dogs today are exposed to stress factors that their ancestors did not know in nature:

• Urban environment and noise: Dogs often live in noisy, crowded cities where they are constantly exposed to new sounds, smells, and visual stimuli.
• Less movement and freedom: Many dogs have fewer opportunities to move freely and burn off their energy in nature. Instead, they spend a lot of time in flats or on a lead.
• Changed lifestyles of owners: Today’s lifestyles and working hours of people can be unpredictable and stressful for dogs, who prefer fixed routines.
• Social isolation: Dogs are social animals that often live in isolated environments, which can lead to boredom and stress.
• Overstimulation: The dog cannot calm down because it runs after the children and owners all day – hyperactivity is the result, and the dog no longer finds any relaxation.

Stress in dogs can have similar negative effects as in humans. Long-term stress can lead to health problems such as a weakened immune system, behavioural problems, and anxiety disorders (Cracknell, 2013).

How do you recognise that a dog is stressed?

Before you start relaxation training, it is worth knowing how to recognise stress. The signs vary, but some symptoms occur frequently:

• Panting and trembling: Even if it is not hot or the dog has not exerted itself.
• Increased drooling and yawning: Yawning is not always a sign of tiredness; it can also be appeasement behaviour.
• Restlessness and fidgeting: The dog has difficulty sitting still, or constantly gets up and wanders around.
• Avoiding eye contact or turning away: A sign that the dog feels uncomfortable.
• Hiding or withdrawal: The dog retreats to a corner or tries to hide.
• Constantly on the move: The dog cannot find any peace.

Studies on the effectiveness of relaxation training

Various studies have examined the effectiveness of relaxation training in dogs. A study by Landsberg et al. (2015) showed that relaxation training can significantly reduce anxiety and stress in dogs, particularly when combined with other behavioural modifications and positive reinforcement. Another study by Cracknell and Mills (2008) found that targeted relaxation techniques not only promote calmness in dogs but also improve their ability to concentrate and learn in new or stressful situations.

Techniques for relaxation training

Conditioned relaxation

• Calm commands: Start by teaching your dog a calm signal word, such as ‘calm’ or ‘relax’. Associate this command with a specific place or a blanket on which the dog should lie down.
• Reward system: Reward the dog with treats and gentle affection when it lies down relaxed and remains calm. This promotes a positive association with relaxation. Start with short moments and gradually increase the intervals between rewards.

Massage techniques

• Gentle touches: Slow, rhythmic stroking along the back and sides can help calm the dog. Touch increases the release of oxytocin, a hormone associated with relaxation and bonding (Handlin et al., 2011).
• Specific massage grips: Techniques such as gently kneading the muscles or slowly stroking along the spine can help reduce tension and relax the dog.

Breathing exercises

• Synchronous breathing: While your dog is lying down, sit next to it and breathe slowly and deeply. Often the dog begins to imitate your breathing rhythm, which can slow its breathing and calm it.

Desensitisation and counter-conditioning

• Gradual introduction: Gradually accustom the dog to anxiety-inducing stimuli by initially presenting them from a greater distance and gradually increasing the intensity – and rewarding the dog when it remains calm.

Routines and structure

• Regular schedules: Dogs feel safer and more relaxed when they have a regular routine. Fixed feeding and walking times as well as set bedtimes help reduce stress.
• Place training on a blanket: Use, for example, a blanket on which you train. The dog will automatically start to relax in this spot. You can also take the blanket with you everywhere.

When should you use relaxation training?

Relaxation training is useful in many situations:

• Before and after stressful events: Such as vet visits or travelling.
• In case of anxiety: If your dog reacts fearfully or timidly to certain triggers, the training can help calm it.
• To prevent behavioural problems: Dogs that can relax regularly and reduce stress develop fewer behavioural problems such as aggression or excessive barking.

When should you seek professional help?

Relaxation training can be very effective – in some situations, professional support is still advisable:

• Persistent anxiety or aggression: If the dog remains fearful or aggressive despite training.
• Traumatic experiences: If a dog has had a traumatic experience that impairs its ability to relax.
• Difficulties in learning relaxation techniques: If the dog does not respond to the techniques or the training seems to worsen the situation.

A professional dog trainer or behaviour consultant can help develop a tailored strategy to support the dog in these cases.

Frequently asked questions & answers

What is relaxation training for dogs?

Relaxation training for dogs is a series of techniques and exercises that teach dogs to calm down in stressful or new situations. It can help reduce anxiety and stress and strengthen the dog’s ability to remain calm.

Why is relaxation training important for my dog?

It helps the dog cope better with stress and anxiety, which can improve its overall quality of life. In today’s hectic world, dogs are exposed to many stressors – relaxation training helps them manage these and avoid behavioural problems.

How do I know if my dog is stressed and needs relaxation training?

Signs of stress can include panting, trembling, excessive drooling, yawning, restlessness, withdrawal, or avoiding eye contact. If your dog regularly shows one or more of these signs, relaxation training could help it feel better.

How long does it take for my dog to show progress through relaxation training?

The time a dog needs to show progress varies depending on the dog and the severity of its stress or anxiety. Some dogs show improvements in a few weeks, while for others it can take several months. Patience and consistent approach are crucial.

Can I carry out relaxation training myself, or should I seek professional help?

Many techniques can be carried out at home. However, it is helpful to involve a professional dog trainer or behaviour consultant – especially if your dog shows severe anxiety or stress, or if training at home yields no progress.

Can relaxation training be applied to all dogs?

Yes, relaxation training is suitable for dogs of all ages and breeds. It is particularly useful for dogs showing signs of stress, anxiety, or nervousness, and can also be used preventatively to avoid future behavioural problems.

How often should I do relaxation training with my dog?

Training should take place regularly, ideally daily or several times a week, to achieve the best results. Only through consistent repetition does the dog get used to it and develop a relaxed response.

What should I do if my dog does not respond to relaxation training?

Then it is worth consulting a professional dog trainer or behaviour consultant. They can help you understand your dog’s needs better and develop an individual training strategy.