Anal Fissure

An anal fissure is a small, painful tear in the mucous membrane of the anal canal in dogs.

Such superficial injuries are usually caused by faeces that are too hard or too soft, which overstretch or irritate the sensitive skin around the anus. Inflammation of the anal glands, parasitic infestation, or chronic diarrhoea can also weaken the skin so much that even normal defecation leads to tears.

How do I recognise an anal fissure in my dog?

The most obvious sign is intense licking or nibbling at the anus immediately after defecation. Your dog often turns in circles to get better access to the painful area.

During defecation itself, you may see light traces of blood on the faeces – not dark and mixed in, but as fresh, red streaks on the surface. Some dogs strain noticeably longer than usual or stop defecating altogether, even though they clearly still need to go.

Around the anus, you will often notice small rednesses or tiny open spots. The skin looks swollen or shiny and tight.

What can I do immediately?

Clean the anal area gently with lukewarm water and a soft cloth. No soap or disinfectants – these cause additional irritation.

Observe the next bowel movement closely. If your dog strains heavily or is in obvious pain, it can sometimes help to gently support the anal region with a damp, warm cloth during defecation.

Ensure your dog drinks enough water. Soft, mouldable faeces put less strain on fissures than hard lumps. A teaspoon of pumpkin puree (without spices) added to the food can naturally soften the stool.

When should I see the vet?

Go to the vet immediately if you see fresh blood in the stool or if your dog refuses to defecate altogether. An examination is also advisable if there is visible swelling or if the licking does not subside after 24 hours despite cleaning.

Anal fissures can be a symptom of more serious problems. Parasites, anal gland inflammation, or intestinal diseases often first manifest as such skin injuries. A thorough examination will clarify the cause.

Treatment ranges from anti-inflammatory ointments to antibiotics if the fissure has become infected. In stubborn cases, minor surgical interventions may be necessary.

How do I prevent anal fissures?

Regular checks of the anal glands by the vet help prevent them. Blocked or inflamed glands are a major trigger for anal problems.

Pay attention to consistent faecal quality: neither too hard nor too soft. If your dog is prone to constipation, small amounts of flaxseed or psyllium husks can be mixed into the food. In cases of chronic diarrhoea, a change in diet is often necessary.

Sufficient exercise keeps digestion active and prevents excessive straining during defecation. Stress can exacerbate digestive problems – this also applies to the prevention of fissures.