Water poisoning in dogs
Content
What is water poisoning?
Water poisoning (hyperhydration) occurs when a dog consumes large amounts of water in a short period. Dogs are particularly at risk when fetching items from a lake, playing with sprinklers or drinking excessively after physical exertion.
How does the poisoning occur?
The body normally maintains a balance of electrolytes and water. If a dog takes in too much water, the electrolytes in the blood become diluted, particularly sodium. The body cells absorb water and swell. This creates pressure in the brain with neurological disturbances, while the alveoli in the lungs fill with fluid. The excess water can no longer be excreted, even though the thirst sensation paradoxically increases.
Symptoms of water poisoning
The signs usually appear within 20 to 30 minutes after water intake, sometimes also with a delay:
- Lethargy
- Vomiting
- Bloated belly
- Restlessness
- Pale mucous membranes
- Dilated pupils
- Excessive drooling
- Coordination disorders
- Breathing difficulties
- Muscle twitching
In severe cases, seizures and loss of consciousness occur.
Emergency measures
If water poisoning is suspected:
- Do not allow any further water intake
- Go to the vet immediately
- Contact the vet by phone in advance
Without treatment, affected animals die within a few hours. The vet stabilises them with diuretics, electrolyte infusions and oxygen administration.
Prevention
When playing in the water, the dog should take regular breaks. Fetching can be moved to near the shore or on land. Lawn sprinklers and garden hoses are not suitable as dog toys. After exertion, the dog should only drink small amounts; it should not empty the entire water bowl at once.