Zwergspitz and Pomeranian – Popular but to be enjoyed with caution!

Zwergspitze and Pomeranians are among the most popular dog breeds on Instagram and TikTok. Their round faces and fluffy coats make them sought-after photo subjects. However, behind the cute videos lies a serious issue: extreme dwarf breeding with tangible health consequences.

Social media hype and its impact on breeding

The demand for Zwergspitze has risen sharply in recent years. In Switzerland alone, several thousand Zwergspitze were registered over the last five years, most of them imported from Eastern Europe.

The core problem: Breeding focuses on the «cute» appearance. Health aspects take a back seat in this process. Thousands of puppies are produced to meet demand.

Common health issues in Zwergspitze

«It is difficult to find completely healthy individuals among dwarf dogs», says vet Daniela Schweizer to 20min.ch. Extreme dwarf breeding leads to serious health problems.

The most common ailments include:

• Chiari-like malformation (CM)
• Syringomyelia (SM)
• Heart problems
• Fragile bones
• Joint problems

An owner named Dominique reported to Swiss television having already spent 50,000 francs on vet treatments. Such sums are not uncommon with these breeds.

CM and SM: Neurological conditions in Zwergspitze

Chiari-like malformation (CM) and syringomyelia (SM) are neurological conditions that are widespread among Zwergspitze. The symptoms can vary in severity.

Typical signs include:

• Scratching at the neck area without any apparent reason
• Sudden pain attacks
• Sensitivity to touch on the head
• Snapping at invisible objects
• Changes in behaviour

In severe cases, paralysis, seizures or spinal curvature may also occur.

Only an MRI can reliably diagnose these conditions. Therefore, both parent animals should be examined via MRI before breeding.

Costs of a healthy Zwergspitz

A puppy from a reputable breeder that has undergone MRI testing costs significantly more than 2,000 francs. Investing here saves you tens of thousands in future vet bills at best.

Many online providers sell puppies for 800 to 1,500 euros. These prices are only possible because health checks are skipped.

Insist on seeing the MRI results of both parent animals. Reputable breeders will show these without hesitation.

Alternatives to the Zwergspitz

If you are looking for a small, lively companion, there are breeds with fewer breeding issues. The Papillon or the Havanese are similarly small but less affected by breeding for harmful traits (Qualzucht).

Another option is a dog from animal welfare organisations. There, small mixed-breed dogs also wait that do not suffer from the extreme breeding problems.

Buying a Zwergspitz: What to look out for?

Buying a Zwergspitz is an ethical decision. Every purchase supports a breeding direction that knowingly accepts health problems.

If you decide on a Zwergspitz: Only buy from breeders who can provide proof of MRI examinations for both parent animals. Visit the breeder in person. Ask to see the mother.

Avoid online traders and puppy markets completely. The low prices there have a reason.

Finding reputable Zwergspitz breeders

Ask for the MRI results of both parent animals. Reputable breeders have these on file.

Observe the living conditions on site. The mother should appear relaxed and healthy.

Good breeders will also ask you questions. They want to know if you are the right owner.

Treatment of CM and SM

An early diagnosis via MRI is crucial. Depending on the severity, drug treatments or surgical options are available.

The costs can quickly add up to five-figure amounts. Pet insurance is practically indispensable for these breeds.