Fibromyalgia

Fibromyalgia in dogs is a controversial topic in veterinary medicine; the disease is primarily defined in human medicine and its transferability to dogs has not been scientifically proven.

Why is fibromyalgia controversial in dogs?

Unlike in humans, there are no standardised diagnostic criteria for fibromyalgia in dogs. While people can describe their pain, vets rely on observing behavioural changes. This makes a definitive diagnosis practically impossible.

Veterinary professionals usually use the term as a diagnosis of exclusion when other causes for chronic pain cannot be found.

Which symptoms are mistakenly interpreted as fibromyalgia?

Dog owners report symptoms they believe to be fibromyalgia: sensitivity to touch, stiffness after getting up, reduced activity and behavioural changes. However, these signs usually have specific medical causes:

• Arthritis or joint diseases
• Disk problems
• Muscle inflammation
• Neurological disorders
• Hypothyroidism

How do vets proceed with unclear pain?

The diagnostic process begins with a thorough orthopaedic and neurological examination. X-rays show bone and joint changes, while blood tests reveal inflammation or metabolic disorders.

In older dogs, arthritis is the most common cause of the described symptoms. In younger animals, developmental disorders of the joints or spine may be considered.

Which treatment helps with chronic dog pain?

Regardless of the exact diagnosis, treatment focuses on pain relief and maintaining mobility. NSAIDs such as Metacam are the first choice for joint pain. Physiotherapy and controlled exercise support the muscles.

Dietary supplements such as omega-3 fatty acids can reduce inflammation. In cases of overweight, weight reduction is the most effective measure.

What can you do as an owner?

Document behavioural changes in your dog: When does it show stiffness? After which activities? In what weather? These observations help the vet with the diagnosis.

Seek veterinary help promptly rather than relying on a self-diagnosis of “fibromyalgia”. Most causes of pain in dogs are treatable if diagnosed correctly.